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  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to an enzyme composition comprising a substrate, selected from the group consisting of a wheat, a wheat bran, a rapeseed cake and a mixture thereof, fermented with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis, said enzyme composition exhibiting: (i) a xylanase activity greater than or equal to 500 AXC per gram of composition, (ii) a β-glucanase activity greater than or equal to 500 BGU per gram of composition, and (iii) a cellulase activity greater than or equal to 50 CMC per gram of composition; as well as its use in the feeding of ruminants.
    公开号:FR3016768A1
    申请号:FR1450650
    申请日:2014-01-27
    公开日:2015-07-31
    发明作者:Benoit Delord；Mathieu Tournat
    申请人:J SOUFFLET ETS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to improving the zootechnical performance of ruminants by adding non-medicinal food additives to the diet.
    [0002] The genetic progress in ruminants made it possible to obtain farm animals characterized by very high zootechnical performances. This results in very high milk production levels (over 40 kg / cow / day) and very high weight gains in cattle for fattening (over 1500 g / animal / day). These performances require more ingestion of feed by animals and a very rich diet to cover their maintenance and production needs. Increasing the level of ingestion and increasing the proportion of concentrate in the ration of ruminants have the effect of reducing the metabolic efficiency of the animals. Animals use less nutrients because transit is accelerated and is therefore less effective. There is therefore an important need to find nutritional solutions capable of improving the transformation yield of the ration (fodder and concentrates) into products (milk or meat). It is known that limiting the overall digestibility of the ration of ruminants is the digestibility of fibers, cellulose and hemicellulose, whereas the use of enzymes in the diet of ruminants is described in the prior art (Beauchemin et al. (2003) J. Anim. Sci. E.Suppl.2: E37-E47). It has also been proposed to use bacterial amylases (US 2009/0324571) or fungal amylases (WO 03/068256) in order to increase the digestibility of starch in ruminants. Nevertheless, the authors recognize on the one hand the significant variability of animal responses to enzyme supplementation and therefore the need to find specific additives for ruminants, and on the other hand the need to find additives for the improvement of the digestibility of the major polysaccharides in the diet of ruminants: cellulose and hemicellulose. It has thus been proposed to add purified enzymatic complexes to the diet of ruminants, including cellulase, xylanase, R-glucanase, pectinase, mannanase and α-galactosidase activities in order to increase the digestibility of ingested fodder (WO 2009 / 0006362). However, these additives are only used with fodder and are not used with concentrated feeds (cereals, co-products, cakes) while the addition of concentrated feed is the main means used to improve the zootechnical performance of ruminants.
    [0003] There is therefore a significant need for new feed additives for ruminants to improve the zootechnical performance of animals, even fed with an optimized diet including for example concentrated feeds. It has been proposed to use different types of enzyme-producing microorganisms to improve the zootechnical performance of ruminants (Beauchemin et al (2004) Can J. Animal Sci 84: 23-36). Once the fermentation leading to the production of these enzymes is complete, the enzymes are usually separated from the fermentation residues and the producing microorganisms. However, the types and activities of the enzymes produced vary widely depending on the type of microorganism used, the substrate used and the culture conditions employed, which leads to a high degree of heterogeneity in the effects observed in animals and therefore limits their interest in the operator. In particular, the use of an effective combination of enzymatic activities is difficult to determine, especially with enzymes produced by genetically modified organisms in fermentation in a liquid medium. The mode of administration of the enzymes is also problematic when using enzymes in liquid form, because they are rapidly leached and inactivated in the rumen. The present invention results from the unexpected discovery by the inventors that it is possible to obtain, in a reproducible manner, a multienzyme composition having cellulase, xylanase and 6-glucanase enzymatic activities at given levels, by fermentation in a solid medium of cereals. and / or co-products of cereals and / or co-products of oleaginous plants by a filamentous fungus of the Aspergillus tubingensis type and that this enzymatic composition makes it possible, when it is added to the diet of any ruminant, to improve its zootechnical performance, in particular to improve milk production, feed efficiency, consumption index, weight gain and increase rumination activity. The present invention thus relates to an enzymatic composition comprising a substrate, selected from the group consisting of a wheat, a wheat bran, a rapeseed cake, a mixture of a wheat and a wheat bran, a mixture of wheat and rapeseed meal, a mixture of wheat bran and rapeseed meal, and a mixture of wheat, wheat bran and rapeseed meal, fermented with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis, said enzymatic composition having: (i) a xylanase activity greater than or equal to 500 AXC per gram of composition, (ii) a 6-glucanase activity greater than or equal to 500 BGU per gram of composition, and iii) cellulase activity greater than or equal to 50 CMC per gram of composition. It also relates to a feed additive for ruminants which comprises this enzymatic composition.
    [0004] The subject of the present invention is also the use of this additive as an ingredient, in particular as a non-medicinal ingredient, of food compositions or premixes for feeding ruminants. It also relates to a feed premix for ruminants comprising this additive, as well as to a ruminant supplemented feed composition comprising an effective amount of this additive or premix, in combination with suitable feeds for ruminants. Another object of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ruminant supplemented food composition comprising mixing the additive as defined above or the premix as defined above with appropriate feeds for ruminants. The present invention also relates to the use of the enzymatic composition as defined above, the additive as defined above, the premix as defined above or the food composition as defined above, to improve the zootechnical performance of a ruminant.
    [0005] It also relates to a method for improving the zootechnical performance of a ruminant in which ruminant is ingested an effective amount of the enzymatic composition as defined above, the additive as defined above, the premix such as as defined above or the food composition as defined above.
    [0006] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Ruminants In the context of the invention, the term "ruminants" designates any polygastric herbivorous mammal whose digestion has totally or partially taken place through a process of remixing the diet after ingestion. The digestive tract of ruminants is composed of 4 compartments: the rumen, the reticulum, the omasum and the abomasum. Of these 4 compartments, the rumen is the most important because most of the nutrients are digested. Digestion corresponds to a fermentation process involving a large and varied bacterial flora responsible for cellulolysis, hemicellulolysis, proteolysis, acid production, methane, vitamin synthesis, etc. Because of the primordial role of the ruminal flora, the digestive physiology of ruminants is therefore considerably different from that of monogastric animals, for whom the flora plays a secondary role. Such animals are well known to those skilled in the art and include, for example, cattle, sheep, goats, deer and camelids. Preferably, in the context of the invention, the ruminant is a bovine. By "bovine" or "bovine" is meant here a subfamily of cattle comprising several important species of farm animals. Cattle in particular include cows, especially dairy cows, suckler cows, heifers, calves, sheep, bullocks, beef, beef for fattening, bulls, buffaloes, yaks, gayal and banteng. Preferably, when the ruminant used in the context of the invention is a cow, it is chosen from among the cow, in particular the dairy cow, the calf, the coward, the veal under the mother, the beef and the beef. 'fertilizer. By "sheep" is meant ruminant herbivores of the genus Ovis. Sheep include sheep, sheep, ewes, poultry and lamb.
    [0007] By "goat" is meant ruminant herbivores of the genus Capra. Goats include goats, goats, kid and ibex. By "cervidae" is meant ruminants of the family Cervidae, bearing antlers. Cervids include, in particular, deer, heroin, scallop, doe, fawn, deer, brocade, goat, reindeer, fallow deer, doe and elk.
    [0008] By "camelidae" is meant here artiodactyl mammals of the family Camelidae. Camelids include, in particular, camels, camels, camels, llama and alpacas. Preferably, in the context of the invention, the ruminant is a farmed animal.
    [0009] Enzymatic composition The enzymatic composition according to the invention comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of a substrate, selected from the group consisting of a wheat, a wheat bran, a rapeseed meal, a mixture of a wheat and a wheat bran, a mixture of wheat and rapeseed meal, a mixture of wheat bran and rapeseed meal, and a mixture of wheat, wheat bran and rapeseed cake fermented with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis, said enzymatic composition having: (i) a xylanase activity greater than or equal to 500 AXC per gram of composition, (ii) a β-glucanase activity greater than or equal to 500 BGU per gram of composition, and (iii) cellulase activity greater than or equal to 50 CMC per gram of composition. The above enzymatic activities are expressed per gram of dried composition.
    [0010] By "xylanase" is meant here an enzyme of class EC 3.2.1.8 of the nomenclature of enzymes of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB), which degrades the linear polysaccharide 3-1,4-xylan in xylose, thus degrading in particular hemicellulose. The techniques for measuring xylanosic activity are well known to those skilled in the art. Typically, in order to demonstrate this activity, the enzymatic solution can be made to act on a soluble oat xylan solution bound to a chromophore, the Rémazol Brillant Blue R, and to measure the oligomers released by the action of the enzymatic solution. These are found in the soluble fraction after ethanol precipitation. The reaction medium preferably used in this method is composed of 130 μl of oat azo-xylan solution (MEGAZYME) 10 g / L, 50 μl of enzymatic solution diluted in 0.4 M acetate buffer, pH 4.70. . The reaction is preferably carried out at 31 ° C for 20 minutes. The reaction is typically stopped by addition of 500 μl of 96% ethanol. The optical density of the supernatant obtained after centrifugation (10 minutes at 3000 rpm at 20 ° C.) is read at 590 nm. A unit of xylanase activity (AXC) can then be defined as the amount of enzyme which, diluted at a rate of 1 unit / mL, at pH 4.70 and at 30 ° C., liberates, from a solution of Remazol Brillant Blue R xylane, oligomers not precipitable in ethanol such as the optical density of the supernatant is 0.93 to 590 nm. Preferably, the enzymatic composition according to the invention has a xylanase activity greater than 500 AXC per gram of composition, more preferably a xylanase activity greater than 750 AXC per gram of composition, more preferably a xylanase activity greater than 1000 AXC per gram. composition, most preferably a xylanase activity greater than or equal to 2000 AXC per gram of composition.
    [0011] By "p-glucanase" is meant here an enzyme of class EC 3.2.1.6 of the nomenclature of enzymes of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB), which cleaves glucan. 3-glucanases include in particular 3-1,3-glucanase which cleaves p-1,3-glucans, such as callose or curdlan, 3-1,6-glucanase which cleaves p-1,6 glucan, cellulase, xyloglucan-specific endo-p-1,4-glucanase or xyloglucan-specific exo-p-1,4-glucanase.
    [0012] Techniques for measuring [3-glucanase activity are well known to those skilled in the art. Typically, to demonstrate this activity, the enzymatic solution can be made to act on a solution of barley [3-glucan bound to a chromophore, Rémazol Brillant Blue R. Hydrolysis, at pH 4.8 of this substrate by the R-glucanase activities releases chromophore-bound and non-ethanol-precipitable oligomers whose concentration is evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 590 nm. The reaction medium preferably used in this method is composed of 130 μl of azo-barley glucan solution (MEGAZYME) diluted 4/5 in a 0.1M acetate phosphate dilution buffer and adjusted to pH 4.75. of the enzyme solution diluted in 0.1M acetate phosphate buffer, pH 4.60 The reaction is preferably carried out at 31 ° C. for 20 minutes The reaction is typically quenched by the addition of 620 μl of precipitating solution. g of sodium acetate trihydrate and 3 g of zinc acetate in 1 liter of 96% ethanol) The optical density of the supernatant obtained after centrifugation (10 minutes at 3000 rpm at 20 ° C.) is read at 590 nm A unit of β-glucanase activity (BGU) can then be defined as the amount of enzyme which, diluted to a concentration of 1 unit per mL under the assay conditions (30 ° C and pH 4.8) , releases oligomers of non-precipitable Rémazol Brillant Blue R barley p-glucan ethanol, such that the absorbance of the supernatant is 0.9 to 590 nm. Preferably, the enzymatic composition according to the invention has a [3-glucanase activity greater than 500 BGU per gram of composition, more preferably a [3-glucanase activity greater than 600 BGU per gram of composition, more preferably an activity [ 3-glucanase greater than 1000 BGU per gram of composition, most preferably β-glucanase activity greater than or equal to 1500 BGU per gram of composition.
    [0013] By "cellulase" is meant here an enzyme of class EC 3.2.1.4 of the nomenclature of enzymes of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB), which cleaves cellulose, lichenin and p-glucans from cereals, glucose polymer bound in 31-4. "Cellulases" include in particular endo-1,4-F3-Dglucanase, 3-1,4-glucanase, 3-1,4-endoglucan hydrolase, cellulase A, cellulosine AP, endoglucanase D alkali cellulase, cellulase A 3, celludextrinase, 9.5 cellulase, avicelase, pancellase SS and 1,4- (1,3,1,4) -pD-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase. Cellulase activity measurement techniques are well known to those skilled in the art. Typically, to demonstrate this activity, the enzymatic solution can be made to act on a solution of carboxymethyl cellulose partially depolymerized and bound to a chromophore, the Rémazol Brillant Blue R. The hydrolysis at pH 4.5 of this substrate by Cellulase activities release chromophore-bound and non-ethanol precipitable oligomers whose concentration is evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 590 nm. The reaction medium preferably used in this method is composed of 100 μl of azo-carboxymethyl cellulose solution (Megazyme 90504a) 20 g / L and pH 4.5, 100 μl of enzymatic solution diluted in 0.1 M acetate buffer. , pH 4.60. The reaction is preferably carried out at 41 ° C for 10 minutes. The reaction is typically quenched by addition of 500 μl of precipitation solution (40 g of sodium acetate trihydrate and 4 g of zinc acetate in 1 liter of 96% ethanol). The optical density of the supernatant obtained after centrifugation (10 minutes at 3000 rpm at 20 ° C.) is read at 590 nm. A unit of carboxymethylcellulase (CMC) activity can then be defined as the amount of enzyme which, diluted to a concentration of 1 unit per mL under the assay conditions (41 ° C and pH 4.5), releases oligomers from the partially depolymerized carboxymethylcellulose linked to Remazol Brillant Blue R not precipitable by the precipitation fraction, such that the absorbance of the supernatant is 1.0 to 590 nm.
    [0014] Preferably, the enzymatic composition according to the invention has cellulase activity greater than 50 CMC per gram of composition, more preferably cellulase activity greater than 75 CMC per gram of composition, more preferably cellulase activity greater than 120 CMC per gram. composition, most preferably cellulase activity greater than or equal to 180 CMC per gram of composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the enzymatic composition according to the invention has a xylanase activity greater than or equal to 2000 AXC per gram of composition, a 6-glucanase activity greater than or equal to 1500 BGU per gram of composition and a higher cellulase activity. or equal to 180 CMC per gram of composition. The enzymatic composition according to the invention may further comprise enzymatic activities other than the above xylanase, 6-glucanase and cellulase activities, but at very low levels. Preferably, the enzymatic composition according to the invention is devoid of pectinase, mannanase, amylase and / or α-galactosidase activity.
    [0015] The above xylanase, 6-glucanase and cellulase activities result from the fermentation of the substrate, included in the enzymatic composition according to the invention, with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis. This substrate is selected from the group consisting of a wheat, a wheat bran, a rapeseed meal, a mixture of a wheat and a wheat bran, a mixture of a wheat and a rapeseed cake , a mixture of a wheat bran and a rapeseed meal, and a mixture of wheat, wheat bran and rapeseed cake. Preferably, the substrate is selected from the group consisting of wheat bran, rapeseed cake, and a mixture thereof. Most preferably, the substrate is a mixture of wheat bran and rapeseed cake. Wheat bran and rapeseed meal may be present in this mixture in mass proportions ranging from 10/90 (ie 10% wheat bran to 90% rapeseed cake) at 90/10 (ie 90% wheat bran for 10% rapeseed meal), preferably 15/85 (ie 15% wheat bran for 85% rapeseed meal) at 80/20 (ie 80% wheat bran for 20% rapeseed cake), preferably 20/80 (ie 20% wheat bran for 80% rapeseed cake) at 70/30 (ie 70% wheat bran for 30% oilcake). rapeseed), preferably from 25/75 (ie 25% wheat bran to 75% rapeseed meal) to 60/40 (ie 60% wheat bran to 40% rapeseed cake), so more preferably from 20/80 (ie 20% wheat bran to 80% rapeseed meal) to 50/50 (ie 50% wheat bran to 50% rapeseed cake), more preferably 30/70 (that is, 30% wheat bran for 70% rapeseed meal) at 50/50 (ie 50% wheat bran for 50% rapeseed cake). The substrate as defined above is fermented with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis in order to obtain the xylanase, 6-glucanase and cellulase activities as defined above. The fermentation can be a submerged fermentation (or fermentation in a liquid medium), a fermentation in a solid medium or a fermentation in a solid / liquid medium. In the context of the invention, "solid state fermentation" is defined as the culture of microorganisms on wet solid supports, on inert carriers or on insoluble substrates that can be used as a source of carbon and energy. The fermentation process takes place in the absence or near absence of free water in the space between the substrate particles. In contrast, "submerged fermentation" refers here to a culture of microorganisms in which both nutrients and microorganisms are submerged in an aqueous medium.
    [0016] Preferably, the substrate as defined above is fermented by fermentation in a solid medium with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis. By "Aspergillus tubingensis" is meant here a member of Aspergillus section Nigri, whose characteristic strain is the strain Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray described in La Cellule (1934) 43: 245-247. It is a filamentous fungus producing black conidia, ubiquitous soil, saprophyte and able to grow on many complex natural substrates. Aspergillus tubingensis does not appear in the list of pathogens in Annex III of Directive 2000/54 / EC concerning the protection of workers against the risks associated with biological agents at work. Examples of strains of Aspergillus tubingensis are well known to those skilled in the art and include Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-81, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-83, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-84, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-4879 Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-77, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-78, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-79, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-82, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC MYA-80, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC 10550, Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC 76608 and Aspergillus tubingensis Mosseray ATCC 201255. Preferably, the substrate as defined above is pre-treated before fermentation for pasteurization or sterilization. The heat treatment may consist of heating for example in an autoclave. The substrate can thus be autoclaved for 15 to 45 minutes, preferably for 20 to 40 minutes, more preferably for 35 minutes, at a temperature between 90 and 125 ° C, preferably between 95 and 115 ° C, so more preferred at a temperature of 105 ° C. In a particularly preferred manner, the substrate as defined above is pre-moistened so as to reach a solids content of 40 to 100%, preferably a solids content of 45 to 90%, preferably a solids content of 50 to 80%. %, preferably a dry matter of 55 to 70%, preferably 60% of dry matter. Advantageously, the pH may be adjusted during humidification in the range from 4.8 to 6.2, preferably from 5.0 to 6.0, preferably from 5.2 to 5.8, more preferably all at 5.6, in order to improve the pasteurizing effect of the heat treatment and the start of the desired fermentation. The inoculation of the substrate as defined above can be carried out with any appropriate inoculum. One skilled in the art knows many ways to prepare a suitable inoculum from a selected strain of Aspergillus tubingensis. The inoculation dose is advantageously at least 1x107 spores per gram of initial substrate dry matter. The water content of the substrate at the beginning of the fermentation is preferably set between 40 and 50%, preferably 45% of the total mass of the substrate and water and is preferably maintained substantially in this range during fermentation. for example by periodically carrying water to compensate for the loss of water in the medium. The term "substantially maintained" means that it is tolerable for the moisture content to fall within a range of 5% units of the 40-50% range for a relatively short period of time between two successive adjustments in the rate of moisture or at the end of fermentation. The moisture content of the substrate may indeed have a tendency to decrease during fermentation by evaporation under the effect of the temperature increase generated by the fungal growth. Fermentation can be conducted in any suitable reactor. Examples of usable reactor are those described in the article by A. Durand et al. published in AgroFood-Industry Hi-Tech (May-June 1997, pages 39-42). The fermentation may be conducted for a period of 1 to 3 days, preferably 30 to 60 hours, particularly preferably for 48 hours. Preferably, the fermentation is stopped at the appearance of the first spores in the culture medium, the presence of spores may interfere with the animals during ingestion because of their volatile nature. The temperature of the medium is preferably maintained between 28 and 38 ° C, preferably between 30 and 36 ° C, more preferably at 33 ° C. Preferably, the fermentation is carried out under aerobic conditions and preferably in the dark. The fermentation product thus obtained is a moist solid product. It can be dried or dehydrated, preferably at a moderate temperature, for example below 45 ° C, so as not to affect the enzymatic activity. Drying or dehydration can be carried out by any suitable technique well known to those skilled in the art, such as the use of a fluidized bed, lyophilization, steaming, vacuum curing or zeodration. It can also be frozen, preferably in the wet state, at low temperature, for example at -20 ° C.
    [0017] The fermentation product can also be extracted in water and recovered in liquid form by any appropriate technique well known to those skilled in the art. The extraction of the fermentation product can be carried out by any technique well known to those skilled in the art, in particular by extraction in aqueous solution, extraction in alcoholic solution, extraction by solvents, high pressure homogenization, supercritical extraction, extraction by fluidized beds, grinding, cryogenic grinding, decompression, cavitation, bubbling, ultrasonic extraction, adsorption on resins or zeolites. The enzyme (s) in liquid form can then be purified by any technique well known to those skilled in the art, in particular by centrifugation, filtration, ultrafiltration, chromatography, use of membranes or precipitation.
    [0018] The enzymatic composition according to the invention may be in any form suitable for use in an additive. It is preferably in raw form, not extracted. By "crude form" is meant here the fermentation medium containing the enzymatic activities as defined above, the fermented substrate and the fungus Aspergillus tubingensis as defined above. The fermentation medium after fermentation of the substrate with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis may in particular be dehydrated and / or milled before being used directly in the enzymatic composition according to the invention. This grinding can be carried out by any appropriate technique well known to those skilled in the art, such as micronization, shear milling, impact grinding, cryomilling or crumbling. The enzymatic composition according to the invention may further be standardized. Such standardization advantageously makes it possible to ensure good homogeneity of the composition and to facilitate its use during the food manufacturing stage.
    [0019] The present invention relates to an additive, preferably non-medicinal, for the feeding of ruminants, as defined in the "Ruminants" section above, which comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of an enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above. By "additive" is meant here a component or mixture of components that can be added to a food, feed or diet of an animal, or given to the animal. The additive according to the invention may further comprise additional ingredients such as physiologically acceptable carriers, stabilizers, antioxidants, or preservatives. The additive according to the invention may be in any form suitable for its subsequent use, in particular in liquid form, powder or granule. The additive according to the invention may be used as an ingredient, in particular as a non-medicinal ingredient, of food compositions or premixes for feeding ruminants as defined in the "Ruminants" section above. Premix By "premix" is meant here a concentrate of enzymes and possibly trace elements, vitamins and minerals, associated in a small percentage to different raw materials to constitute the complete feed for ruminants.
    [0020] The premix is preferably constituted from a dilution or supported on the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, to standardize the enzymatic activity and facilitate its use in target animals. The invention thus relates to a feed premix for ruminants as defined in the "Ruminants" section above, comprising an additive as defined in the "Additive" section above. The premix according to the invention may comprise other additives conventionally used in the feeding of animals, in particular ruminants. Such additives are well known to those skilled in the art and include technological additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, thickeners, gelling agents, binders, substances for the control of contamination of radionuclides, anti-caking agents, acidity correctors, silage additives, denaturants; sensory additives such as dyestuffs (doping or color-modifying feed, substances which, when included in animal feed will give color to foods produced from these animals), flavoring substances; nutritional additives, such as vitamins, provitamins, omega 3 fatty acids, and "chemically well-defined analogous effect substances", trace element compounds, amino acids, urea; fatty acids and zootechnical additives such as digestibility enhancers such as enzymes, intestinal flora stabilizers, or substances having a "positive effect on the environment." For example, the premix according to the invention may have the following composition: Enzymatic composition according to the invention 0.3 - 3% Vitamin mixture (A, B, D, E, nicotinic acid, etc.) 0.1 - 1% Mineral salts (CaHPO4, CaCO3, NaCl, CuO, MnO, FeSO4, ZnO, etc.) 0 - 99.6% From cereals (bran, remolding, feed flour, corn cob, 0 - 99.6% barley rootlets, etc.) The premix according to the invention may be in any form suitable for its subsequent use, in particular in liquid form, powder or granule Food composition The present invention also relates to a ruminant supplemented feed composition as defined in the section "Ruminants" above, comprising a quantity effective of an additive as defined in the "Additive" section above or a premix as defined in the "Premix" section above, in combination with appropriate feeds for ruminants as defined in the "Ruminants" section above. Suitable feeds for ruminants are well known to those skilled in the art and include for example fodder of all types and in all their forms (green, dehydrated, ensiled, agglomerates, etc.) such as grass and other forage grasses, feed grains (barley, corn, oats, wheat, sorghum, soya, rye), legumes (peas, faba bean, lupine, soybean, alfalfa, sainfoin, clover), roots, tubers and their by-products (beet, pulp) beetroot, potato, potato pulp, etc.), cabbage, rapeseed, sunflower, vegetable waste (tops, stalks, cereal husks, bran, corn husks, bagasse) and starches , the by-products of the agri-food industry (starch, starch, ethanol, brewery, milling, etc.), as well as oilseed cakes, syrups, and nitrogenous food materials such as urea and its derivatives ( biuret, ureids) and ammonia salts ow. Preferably, the appropriate feeds for ruminants used in the context of the invention comprise forages, preferably corn silage, typically representing from 10 to 50% of the dry matter ingested, preferably daily, preferably combined with other feeds such as hay, straw or grass or cereal silage and preferably supplemented with concentrated feeds such as cereals, oilcakes or compound feeds.
    [0021] A feed ration for ruminants may in particular contain the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above with: - moist, dried or dry fodder in proportions ranging from 0 to 100%, preferably from 40 to 70% . concentrated feeds (concentrated raw material or compound feed) in proportions ranging from 0 to 100%, preferably from 30 to 60%. Preferably, the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above or the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above is present in the food composition in an amount such that the effective daily dose as defined in the section "Effective daily dose" above is provided to the animal.The food composition according to the invention can be in any form adapted for the feeding of ruminants, in particular farmed ruminants, and may in particular be in the form of flakes, granules, crumbs or flour.
    [0022] The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a ruminant supplemented food composition as defined above comprising a step of mixing an additive as defined in the "Additive" section above or a premix such as as defined in the "Premix" section above with appropriate feeds for ruminants, in particular farmed ruminants, as defined above.
    [0023] The step of mixing the additive or the premix with the food can be implemented by any technique well known to those skilled in the art. The method of manufacturing the food composition according to the invention may further comprise a step of formulation of the food composition and a conditioning step. These steps can be implemented by any conventional technique well known to those skilled in the art. Thus, the additive or the premix, when in powder form, can be added to the food at the time of the formulation step (or mixture), or when in liquid form, can be sprayed after granulation of the food.
    [0024] Effective Daily Dose The additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above, or the food composition as defined in the "Food Composition" section above. The formulation of the additive, the premix, or the food composition can be carried out by any technique well known to those skilled in the art, such as to provide the amount of enzymatic activity that is effective in the target animals. such as, for example, mixing, dilution, carrier, spray or granular spraying, or direct delivery to the animals The formulation adopted is dependent on the target animal and is preferably driven by the level of β-glucanase activity.
    [0025] The daily effective doses are typically: - dairy cows: from 2250 to 9000 BGU / animal / day, preferably 4500 BGU / animal / day - cattle for fattening: from 2250 to 9000 BGU / animal / day, preferably 2250 BGU / animal / day up to 500 kg live weight and 3375 BGU / animal / day above 500 kg live weight. Effective daily doses for other types of ruminants can be calculated by those skilled in the art as compared to dairy cows or cattle for fattening, according to techniques well known to those skilled in the art, such as in particular live weight, based on the metabolic live weight (PV ° 75), as a function of rumen volume, as a function of the total quantity of dry matter ingested per day, with a minimum quantity of preferably 1125 BGU / animal / day, especially in animals whose live weight is less than 100 kg. Uses for Increasing Zootechnical Performance The inventors have shown that supplementing the feed ration of dairy cows or cattle for fattening with the enzymatic composition according to the invention surprisingly makes it possible to increase their zootechnical performances, in particular to improve Dairy production, including butchery rate and protein content of milk produced, increase weight gain, increase rumination activity, improve feed efficiency and consumption index. The subject of the present invention is therefore also the use of an enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, of an additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, of a a premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or a food composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above, for increasing the zootechnical performance of a ruminant as defined in the "Ruminants" section "above" "zootechnical performance" means here an indicator to judge the quality of an animal, especially its biological suitability for different functions (growth, work, reproduction ...). include, in particular, the weight gain of the animal, in particular the average daily weight gain, its consumption index or its feed efficiency, the typical age weight, the slaughter yield, the carcass weight, the conf carcass production, food intake, milk production, milk protein content, milk fat content, rumination activity, litter size or hair production. Preferably, the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or the food composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above makes it possible to promote weight gain and / or to improve the consumption index and / or to promote food intake and / or to improve the yield at slaughter, carcass weight, carcass conformation, milk production, milk protein content, milk fat content, litter size and / or hair and / or hair production to increase the rumination activity in a ruminant as defined in the "Ruminants" section above, particularly preferably the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, the additive as defined in the section "Addendum" ci above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or the food composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above makes it possible to increase the milk production and / or to improve the index and / or to promote weight gain and / or increase ruminal activity in a ruminant as defined in the "Ruminants" section above.
    [0026] By "weight gain" or "average daily gain" is meant here the evolution of the weight growth of the animal, expressed in g / day. By "consumption index" is meant here the efficiency of the feed conversion. This index is determined by the ratio of the amount of feed consumed to live weight gain in the case of ruminants for fattening, and the ratio of the amount of feed consumed to milk production for ruminants dairy. By "food efficiency" is meant here the measurement of the transformation of ruminants' food intake into products. This is the inverse ratio of the consumption index defined above.
    [0027] By "weight at typical age" is meant here the weight of the animal at a reference age (1 year or 18 months for example), which facilitates comparisons. By "slaughter yield" is meant the ratio of carcass weight to live weight of the animal, which is used to estimate the "true yield". By "carcass weight" is meant here the weight of the carcass after drying.
    [0028] By "food intake" is meant the amount of food ingested by the animal. "Milk production" or "Milk production" means the quantity of milk produced per day, expressed in units of volume or in units of weight. In the context of the invention, the improvement in milk production may result in an increase in the quantity of milk produced, but also in an improvement in the milk content and / or protein content of the milk. By "milk protein content" is meant here the amount of proteinaceous material contained in the milk. By "fat content of milk" is meant here the amount of fat contained in the milk.
    [0029] "Scope size" refers to the number and weight at birth of young or young. By "rumination activity" is meant the number of minutes per day devoted to chewing the bolus. By "hair production" is meant the amount of hair produced by a mammal raised for its hair (cashmere goat for example).
    [0030] Preferably, the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or the food composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above makes it possible to improve the milk production, in particular an improvement in the milk content and / or the protein content of the milk, and / or to improve the index consumption and / or food efficiency and / or to promote weight gain and / or increase rumination activity significantly in a ruminant as defined in the "Ruminants" section above.
    [0031] In particular, the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or the food composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above makes it possible to improve the milk production by 1 to 5%, preferably by 3%, and / or to improve the milk protein content of 0, 5 to 1.5%, preferably 1%, in a ruminant, in particular in a cow, preferably in a dairy cow, fed preferably with a feed comprising corn silage, preferably a feed comprising a roughage such as straw or hay, oilseed cakes, beet pulp and nitrogen and energy concentrates, the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above being preferably present in the 'at liment to bring 4500 BGU / animal / day. In particular, the enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or the food composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above also makes it possible to improve the weight gain of 1 to 15%, preferably of 10%, in a ruminant, in particular in a cattle, preferably in a fattening cattle, preferably fed with a feed comprising corn silage, preferably a feed comprising corn silage and nitrogen and energy concentrates, the enzymatic composition as defined in the section " The above enzymatic composition is preferably present in the feed so as to provide 2250 BGU / animal / day up to 500 kg live weight and 3375 BGU / animal / day above 500 kg live weight. particular, the compos enzymatic enzyme as defined in the "Enzymatic composition" section above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or the food composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above also makes it possible to increase the rumination activity by 5 to 15%, preferably from 8 to 11%, in a ruminant, in particular in a bovine, preferably in a dairy cow, fed preferably with a feed comprising corn silage, preferably a feed comprising corn silage and nitrogen and energy concentrates, the enzymatic composition as defined in the section "Enzymatic composition" ci - Top being preferably present in the food to provide 4500 BGU / animal / day. The enzymatic composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above and the composition as defined in the "Food composition" section above, also make it possible to maintain a good general state of the ruminant or the ruminant herd to which they are administered, and in particular to maintain a fertility , a morbidity and / or mortality of the herd acceptable to the operator, or even to promote this fertility and / or reduce this morbidity and / or mortality.The present invention also relates to a method for increasing the zootechnical performance of a ruminant characterized in that the ruminant, preferably in the diet, is ingested with an effective amount of the enzymatic composition as defined in the section "Enzymatic Composition" c above, the additive as defined in the "Additive" section above, the premix as defined in the "Premix" section above or the food composition as defined in the section "Food composition" above. By "effective amount" is meant here the amount of enzyme composition, optionally present in the additive, the premix or the food composition, to increase zootechnical performance as defined above. As will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art, this amount will depend on the ruminant considered, its age, sex, genetic type, physiological stage, weight, expected level of performance, and food ration.
    [0032] Typically, in the case of cattle, the effective ingested amount is such that the ingested 8-glucanase activity is between 2250 and 9000 BGU / day, preferably 4500 BGU / day for a dairy cow, and between 2250 to 9000 BGU / day for a fattening cattle, preferably 2250 BGU / day for a fattening cattle up to 500 kg live weight and 3375 BGU / day for a fattening cattle weighing more than 500 kg of live weight.
    [0033] In general, the enzymatic composition as defined in the section "enzymatic composition" above is fed to the ruminant in the form of successive catches and spread over time, for example according to daily, biweekly, weekly or bi-weekly rhythms. monthly. Preferably, ruminants are ingested an effective amount of enzyme composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above in a daily dose. For ruminants that are fed exclusively on pasture, the enzyme composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above will preferably be supplied separately from their main feed.
    [0034] For ruminants that are fed with fresh or preserved forage (eg hay), or with industrial feedstuffs, including food concentrates, the enzyme composition as defined in the "Enzymatic Composition" section above may be provided in mixture with these foods or in a separate form from these foods.
    [0035] The present invention will be further illustrated by the examples below.
    [0036] EXAMPLES Example 1 Production of the Enzymatic Composition According to the Invention by Fermentation in Solid Medium In this example is described a method for obtaining the enzymatic composition according to the invention by fermentation in a solid medium of a rapeseed cake mixture and its of wheat in the presence of a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis. A nutrient medium consists of a mixture of rapeseed cake in flour and wheat bran in a proportion of 7/3 by weight. The mixture is then pre-moistened to 60% dry matter and autoclaved for 35 min at 105 ° C. After cooling, the medium is inoculated with a spore solution of Aspergillus tubingensis in order to obtain a concentration of 1 × 10 7 spores per gram of dry matter and an initial humidity of 45%. The pH is adjusted to 4.9 by addition of sulfuric acid. The culture medium thus obtained is distributed in flasks of Erlenmeyer flask with 10 g of dry matter per flask. The Erlenmeyer flasks are then incubated at 33 ° C under aerobic conditions in the dark for 48 hours without shaking. The culture is stopped at the appearance of the first spores in the culture medium (the presence of spores can interfere with the animals during ingestion because of their volatile nature, the fermented products are designed to contain as little as possible ).
    [0037] The mixture obtained at the end of fermentation can be dried and used as such in animal feed or be extracted in water to be added in liquid form.
    [0038] EXAMPLE 2 Measurement of the Effect of the Enzymatic Composition According to the Invention on the Production Performance of Dairy Cows In this example, the effect of the enzymatic composition according to the invention on the production performance of a herd of high producing dairy cows.
    [0039] Materials and methods 38 high-producing dairy cows of the Prim'Holstein breed were divided into 2 groups and matched. The batching was carried out on the following criteria: milk production, milk protein content, milk fat content, lactation rank, live weight. The animals received a mixed ration consisting of 9.5 kg DM (dry matter) of corn silage, 2.1 kg DM of fibrous food (straw + alfalfa long strand), 4.9 kg DM of nitrogen corrector ( of which the composition is described in Table 1), 8.0 kg of production feed (the composition of which is described in Table 1).
    [0040] The enzyme composition, obtained by the method described in Example 1, was standardized in the form of a premix to ensure good homogeneity of the composition and facilitate its use during the food manufacturing step. The standardized premix was incorporated in the production feed at a rate of 0.25% to provide 4500 BGU / animal / day. The characteristics of the thus standardized premix are: 130 AXC / g, 290 BGU / g and 35 CMC / g. The duration of the test is 8 weeks. A feed of 1 kg / day of a food containing monopropyleneglycol (Sandi +, an energy source) is made on cows with less than 30 days of lactation. The average characteristics of the ration are (in% / sec): Total Nitrogenous Materials: 17.7%; Neutral detergent fiber (NDF): 35.8% and Starch: 17.6%.
    [0041] Table 1: Composition of feed for dairy cows Materials Corrector Feed of production food (+ Sandi + raw (%) nitrogen production enzymatic composition (control) according to the invention) Rapeseed meal 18,0 Expeller Barley 18,5 15,2 15, 3 42.3 Soybean meal 52.9 5.8 6.6 Rape seed 7.8 7.9 Rapeseed meal 24.8 24.3 32.6 Soybean 20.0 20.0 Beet pulp 22.0 21.6 Straw 2.0 2.0 Sound 15.1 Soybean 1.7 Bicarbonate Na 1.3 1.5 1.5 Supplement 3.9 0.3 0.3 mineralized or vitaminized (CMV) Urea 1.1 Premix 0 0.5 0.5 Monopropylene glycol 10.0 Wheat 2.3 0.3 Enzymatic composition according to the invention 0.25 Dry matter (%) 90.1 88.7 88.7 88.2 Protein (% crude ) 35.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 Fat 5.0 5.1 5.1 2.2 (`) / 0 crude) Crude fiber (%) 6.4 16.4 16.4 8, 0 NDF (% crude) 16.4 35.0 35.0 24.0 Insoluble fiber 9.2 21.1 21.0 11.0 in acid detergents (ADF) (`) / 0 crude) Lignin (ADL) (`) / 0 2.0 3.4 3.4 3.5 crude) UF milk (/ kg gross) 100.1 95.0 95.0 90.0 PDIA ( g / kg gross) 116.1 55.7 56.0 48.6 DINP (gross g / kg) 245.2 119.7 119.8 117.9 DIED (g / kg gross) 164.3 106.5 106 , 97.5 The characteristics of animal batches are described in Table 2.
    [0042] Table 2: Characteristics of batches of dairy cows at batching (after 2 weeks pre-experimental) Control Treatment Number of animals 19 19 Stage of lactation (d) 168 185 Production Dairy (kg / d) 39.5 39.5 Butyrous rate (g / kg) 35.9 35.9 Protein Control Protein Control (g / kg) 31.6 32.1 Somatic milk cell (1000 / mL) 391 220 Urea (mg / L) 267 284 Live weight (kg) 658 670 Results The production results of both groups are detailed in Table 3.
    [0043] Table 3: Lot production results and statistics Control Treatment Effect Lot Number Animals 19 19 Dairy Production (PL) (kg / d) 39.3 40.4 *** Butyrous Rate (TB) (g / kg) 35.8 35.6 NS Protein Level (TP) ) (g / kg) 31.0 31.3 Export Fats (g / d) 1395 1413 NS Exported Protein Material (g / d) 1210 1244 Corrected Dairy Production 7% (kg / d) 37.2 38.0 ** Somatic Milk Cell (1000 / mL) 94 106 NS Live weight (kg) 682 671 NS: not significant; *: p <0.10; **: p <0.05; ***: p <0.001 The inventors have found that the contribution of enzymatic composition has a very marked effect on many criteria: - significant increase in milk production; - significant increases in the protein content (+0.3 g / kg), and the protein material produced, - significant increase in PL7% (milk production corrected rate = PL * (TB + TP) / 70): +0 , 7 kg.
    [0044] These effects are not accompanied by an increase in ingested dry matter and therefore reflect a better feed efficiency (quantity of milk produced / dry matter ingested). This example demonstrates that the provision of enzymatic composition according to the invention makes it possible to improve the zootechnical performance of milk production and a better valuation of the feed ration of high-producing dairy cows. Example 3: Measurement of the effect of the composition In this example, the effect of the enzymatic composition according to the invention on the growth performance of cattle for fattening is described. Materials and methods 40 Charolais fermented cattle were divided into two groups. Batching was done on the criterion of live weight.
    [0045] The animals received a complete mixed ration whose composition is detailed in Table 4. The enzymatic composition, obtained by the process described in Example 1, was standardized in the form of a premix to ensure a good homogeneity of the composition. and facilitate its use during the animal distribution step. The thus standardized premix was incorporated into the complete mixed ration to provide 9000 BGU / animal / day. The characteristics of the thus standardized premix are: 80 AXC / g, 150 BGU / g and 17 CMC / g. The trial lasted 10 months.
    [0046] Table 4: Composition of the mixed feed ration for fed cattle Quantity distributed (raw kg / animal / day) Ingredient Fattening Finish 300 to 500 kg live weight 500 to 750 kg live weight Potato pulp 3 , 0 3.0 Wheat straw 0.8 0.8 Alfalfa wrapped (33% Dry matter) 3.0 3.0 Nitrogen concentrate (44% 0.8 0.65 MAT) Energy concentrate (1 2.5 3 , 5 UFV / kg) Minerals 0.1 0.1 Urea 0.01 0.06 Corn silage and pulp 14.0 20.0 overpressed beet (50/50 dry matter) Results The production results of both groups are detailed in Table 5.25 Table 5: GMQ lot growth results (g / animal / day) Birth T0 to T0 + 1 month T0 + 2months T0 to Weight at T0 (8.3 T0 + 1 month at T0 + 8month Carcass month in T0 + 2months T0 + 8months (kg) average) Control Mean 1 139 1 564 1 633 1 095 1 219 415 Standard deviation 139 369 340 236 186 30 Average treatment 1 139 1 708 1 709 1 218 1 342 425 Standard deviation 117 590 293 197 200 39 Am Treatment / control (%) The inventors have found that the addition of the enzyme composition in the diet of young cattle for fattening has led to a 10% improvement in average daily weight gain ( ADG). This resulted in an improved carcass weight at slaughter of 2% in the batch of animals supplemented with the enzymatic composition according to the invention. This example demonstrates that the contribution of the enzymatic composition according to the invention makes it possible to improve the zootechnical performance of growth from cattle to fertilizer. EXAMPLE 4 Measurement of the Effect of the Enzymatic Composition According to the Invention on the Production Performance and Rumination Activity of Dairy Cows In this example the effect of the enzymatic composition according to the invention on the performance of the invention is described. production of a herd of high producing dairy cows and on the activity of rumination of the animals.
    [0047] Materials and methods 36 high-producing dairy cows of the Prim'Holstein breed were divided into two groups. The batching of the animals was performed on the criteria of milk production, live weight, lactation rank and days in lactation. The trial lasted 85 days.
    [0048] The animals received a complete mixed ration, consisting mainly of corn silage, alfalfa hay, ryegrass hay, corn gluten feed, concentrate of production and water. The detailed composition is given in Table 6. The enzyme composition, prepared according to the production method described in Example 1, was standardized in the form of a premix to ensure good homogeneity of the composition and to facilitate its use during the stage of distribution to the animals (distribution in the state, in "top feeding"). The resulting premix was mixed in the total ration so as to provide 4500 BGU / animal / day. The characteristics of the standardized premix are: 400 AXC / g, 270 BGU / g and 69 CMC / g.
    [0049] The rumination activity of the 36 cows was recorded daily by an acoustic detector (RuminAct, Milkline, Italy). Table 6: Composition of the mixed feed ration of dairy cows 1: soybean meal 44%: 41.2%; cottonseed cake: 33%, sunflower cake 7.21%; Corn gluten meal: 7.21%; CaCO3: 2.68%; NaHCO3: 2.68%; MgO: 1.00%; CaHPO4: 0.67%; NaCl: 0.67%; ZnSO4: 0.10%; Premix: 0.54%. The nutritional values of the complete mixed ration were analyzed: dry matter 48.69%, crude protein: 15.75%! dry matter (dry); Fat: 2.70% / sec; Crude fiber: 18.45% / sec; NDF: 37.86% / sec; ADF: 21.15% / sec and starch: 25.57% / sec. There was no difference in intake between the two lots during this trial. Results The milk production results of the two groups are detailed in Table 7. Table 7: Dairy production results (kg / animal / day) of the batches and statistics Periods Control Treatment Treatment Effect of the Effect of Interaction (Treatment x Period) P = vs.. Treatment control Period P = P = OJ - J21 36.7 ± 8.5 37.5 + 8.4 +0.8 0.7840 0.0001 0.9896 D21 -J37 36.9 ± 8.4 38.3 +8.6 +1.4 0.6135 0.0001 0.4144 J37 -J53 35.6 ± 9.2 37.6 + 8.1 +2.0 0.4786 0.0001 0.1807 J53 -J69 34.1 ± 8.7 35.5 + 8.1 +1.4 0.6024 0.1024 0.9907 J69 - J85 33.7 ± 9.2 35.0 + 8.0 +1.3 0, 6424 0.0001 0.9938 J21 -J85 35.1 ± 8.9 36.6 + 8.3 +1.5 0.5795 0.0001 0.9472 Dairy production decreased during the trial in relation to with the stage of lactation. During the test, the batch receiving the enzymatic composition according to the invention has Corn silage kg 22.0 concentrate + cotton cake kg 6.0 corn gluten meal-barley flaked mix. (60:40) kg 6.8 Water kg 8.0 Fat-ray hay kg 1.1 Alfalfa hay kg 4.4 showed an improvement in milk production of +1.5 kg of milk per day per animal per report to the Control group. The milk composition results (fat and protein) are detailed in Table 8. Table 8: Milk composition of the batches and statistics Day Control Treatment vs. Treatment Effect Treatment Standard Error Control P = Milk fat content (%) OJ 3.99 ± 0.52 3.87 ± 0.54 -0.12 0.5102 0.1251 J21 4.01 ± 0.74 4.00 ± 0.58 -0.01 0.9421 0.1558 J37 3.98 ± 0.49 4.02 ± 0.49 +0.04 0.7988 0.162 J53 4.12 ± 0.73 4.34 ± 0.61 +0.22 0.3368 0.1581 J69 4.15 ± 0.54 4.30 ± 0.69 + 0.15 0.4860 0.1462 J85 4.09 ± 0.62 4.21 ± 0.55 +0.12 0.5305 0.1376 Milk fat production (kg / day) OJ 1.42 ± 0.33 1.38 ± 0.29 -0.04 0.7318 0.0731 J21 1.42 ± 0.25 1.47 ± 0.31 + 0.05 0.5751 0.0662 J37 1.44 ± 0.23 1.51 ± 0.27 + 0.07 0.4430 0.0585 J53 1.38 ± 0.29 1.51 ± 0.33 +0.13 0.2094 0.0729 J69 1.37 ± 0.31 1.48 ± 0.26 +0.11 0.2739 0.0675 J85 1.26 ± 0.23 1.34 ± 0.22 + 0.08 0.2790 0.0535 Protein content of milk (%) OJ 3.57 ± 0.40 3.46 ± 0.31 -0.11 0.3732 0.0844 J21 3.60 ± 0.45 3.78 ± 0.22 + 0.18 0.1323 0.0832 J37 3.66 ± 0.32 3.80 ± 0.43 + 0.14 0.2724 0.0887 J53 3.66 ± 0.33 3.87 ± 0.22 +0.21 0.0324 0.0671 J69 3.67 ± 0.30 3.84 ± 0.23 +0.17 0.0659 0.0624 J85 3.69 ± 0.31 3.82 ± 0.31 + 0.13 0.2092 0.0727 Protein production dairy products (kg / day) OJ 1,26 ± 0,19 1,24 ± 0,22 -0,02 0,7599 0,0490 J21 1,29 ± 0,23 1,42 ± 0,35 +0, 13 0.2103 0.0705 J37 1.34 ± 0.30 1.41 ± 0.19 +0.07 0.4245 0.0590 J53 1.24 ± 0.27 1.37 ± 0.35 +0, 13 0.2293 0.0729 J69 1.23 ± 0.32 1.34 ± 0.29 +0.11 0.2692 0.0708 J85 1.15 ± 0.253 1.23 ± 0.24 +0.08 0 , 3567 0.0579 During the test, the butyrous level remained stable in the Control group as it increased in the Treatment group (supplemented with the enzymatic composition according to the invention). The fat content has always been higher in the batch of cows treated than in the batch of cows. After 85 days of testing, the cows in the Treatment group had a fat content 0.12 percentage points higher than the cows in the Control group.
    [0050] During the trial, milk protein levels increased faster in the Treatment group than in the Control group. Statistically, the inventors have observed a significant increase in the protein content at D53 and D69, +0.21 and +0.17 points respectively. This also results in a higher protein export (+0.08 kg / day at the end of the test). Rumination activity is of great importance for the metabolic activity of dairy cows and can be a useful tool for monitoring animal health. Rumination stimulates saliva production and thus ensures optimal conditions for cellulolytic activity in the rumen. The mean daily rumination activity data are given in Table 9. The rumination activity is expressed as the number of minutes of rumination per day per animal.
    [0051] Table 9: Animal rumination activity (minutes of rumination / animal / day) Periods Control Treatment Treatment Effect of the Interaction Effect Vs. Treatment control Period (Treatment x P = P = Period) P = OJ - D21 500.6 511.6 +11.0 0.6513 0.0001 0.4360 D21 - D37 497.0 515.8 +18.8 0 , 4730 0.0001 0.6990 J37 - J53 458.3 497.8 +39.5 0.1858 0.0001 0.2840 J53 - J69 482.3 528.1 +45.9 0.1210 0.0322 0 , 3747 J69 - J85 471.7 523.9 +52.2 0.1019 0.0001 0.0132 J21 - J85 477.3 516.4 +39.1 0.1667 0.0001 0.0066 Both groups do not showed no statistical difference at the start of the trial (500.6 vs. 511.6 min / day / animal for Control and Treatment respectively). Nevertheless, after 16 days of testing, the rumination activity increases numerically in the Treatment batch. In the last period of the trial (J69-J85), the interaction (treatment x period) was significant (P = 0.0132) with a rumination activity of the Treatment group greater than that of the Control group (+52.2 minutes / day / animal). The statistical analysis on the period J21-J85 shows the same interaction effect with +39 min / day / animal of rumination activity in the cows of the treatment group.
    [0052] This example demonstrates that the provision of enzymatic composition according to the invention makes it possible to improve the zootechnical performance of milk production (daily milk production, production of dairy proteins and milk fat), a better valuation of the dairy cow's food ration. high producers and improved rumination activity.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. An enzymatic composition comprising a substrate, selected from the group consisting of wheat, wheat bran, rapeseed meal, a mixture of a wheat and a wheat bran, a mixture of a wheat and a wheat rapeseed meal, a mixture of wheat bran and rapeseed meal, and a mixture of wheat, wheat bran and rapeseed cake, fermented with a strain of Aspergillus tubingensis said enzymatic composition having: (i) a xylanase activity greater than or equal to 500 AXC per gram of composition, (ii) an 8-glucanase activity greater than or equal to 500 BGU per gram of composition, and (iii) a superior cellulase activity or equal to 50 CMC per gram of composition.
    [0002]
    An enzyme composition according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a mixture of wheat bran and rapeseed cake.
    [0003]
    3. An enzyme composition according to claim 2, wherein the wheat bran and the rapeseed meal are in mass proportions ranging from 20/80 to 50/50.
    [0004]
    An enzymatic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, having: (i) a xylanase activity greater than or equal to 1000 AXC per gram of composition, (ii) an 8-glucanase activity greater than or equal to 800 BGU per gram composition, and (iii) a cellulase activity greater than or equal to 120 CMC per gram of composition.
    [0005]
    5. Feed additive for ruminants which comprises the enzyme composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
    [0006]
    6. Use of the additive according to claim 5 as an ingredient of food compositions or premix for feeding ruminants.
    [0007]
    7. Premix for feeding ruminants comprising an additive according to claim 5.
    [0008]
    A ruminant supplemented feed composition comprising an effective amount of an additive according to claim 5 or a premix according to claim 7 in association with suitable feeds for ruminants.
    [0009]
    A method of making a ruminant supplemented food composition comprising mixing an additive according to claim 5 or a premix according to claim 7 with suitable feeds for ruminants.
    [0010]
    Use of an enzyme composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, an additive according to claim 5, a premix according to claim 7 or a food composition according to claim 8 for improving the zootechnical performances of a ruminant.
    [0011]
    11. Use according to claim 10 for increasing the milk production and / or improving the consumption index and / or the feed efficiency and / or promoting weight gain and / or increase the rumination activity.
    [0012]
    12. A method for improving the zootechnical performance of a ruminant in which ruminant is ingested with an effective amount of the enzyme composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the additive according to claim 5, the premix according to claim 7 or the food composition of claim 8. 25
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JP2017510289A|2017-04-13|
    PH12016501385A1|2016-08-15|
    WO2015110663A1|2015-07-30|
    MX2016009810A|2017-02-28|
    CA2934976A1|2015-07-30|
    AU2015208030A1|2016-08-04|
    JP6667454B2|2020-03-18|
    CN105939613A|2016-09-14|
    EP3099182B1|2020-09-16|
    EP3099182A1|2016-12-07|
    FR3016768B1|2016-02-26|
    KR20160113590A|2016-09-30|
    US20160324190A1|2016-11-10|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1450650A|FR3016768B1|2014-01-27|2014-01-27|USE OF AN ENZYMA COMPOSITION IN THE FEEDING OF RUMINANTS|FR1450650A| FR3016768B1|2014-01-27|2014-01-27|USE OF AN ENZYMA COMPOSITION IN THE FEEDING OF RUMINANTS|
    JP2016565569A| JP6667454B2|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of enzyme compositions in ruminant feed|
    AU2015208030A| AU2015208030A1|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of ruminants|
    CA2934976A| CA2934976A1|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of ruminants|
    PCT/EP2015/051621| WO2015110663A1|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of ruminants|
    US15/108,253| US20160324190A1|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of ruminants|
    KR1020167017253A| KR20160113590A|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of ruminants|
    EP15701766.6A| EP3099182B1|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of ruminants|
    MX2016009810A| MX2016009810A|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of ruminants.|
    CN201580006124.3A| CN105939613A|2014-01-27|2015-01-27|Use of enzymatic composition in feed of ruminants|
    PH12016501385A| PH12016501385A1|2014-01-27|2016-07-13|Use of an enzymatic composition in the feed of reminants|
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